Overview:
The Nathpa Jhakri Hydroelectric Project (NJHEP) is a staggering feat of underground engineering nestled along the Sutlej River in Kinnaur. With a capacity of 1,500 MW, it’s not only Himachal Pradesh’s largest power station but also India’s biggest underground hydropower project. Operational since 2004 and managed by SJVN Limited, this project plays a key role in India’s northern grid, generating clean, sustainable electricity deep beneath Himalayan granite.
📍 Location & Quick Facts
| Attribute | Details |
|---|---|
| Coordinates | 31.5720°N, 78.0083°E |
| Elevation | ~1,900 meters above sea level |
| District | Kinnaur |
| River Source | Sutlej River |
| Installed Capacity | 1,500 MW |
| Commissioned | 2004 |
| Operator | SJVN (Satluj Jal Vidyut Nigam) |
🏗️ Engineering Highlights
- Underground Powerhouse:
Built 100+ meters below the surface, housing six Francis turbines of 250 MW each. - Headrace Tunnel:
A massive 27.4 km-long tunnel diverts water from the Nathpa barrage to the Jhakri powerhouse. - Surge Shaft:
One of the tallest in India—301 meters high—prevents pressure surges during flow fluctuations. - Automation & Remote Control:
Fully integrated with real-time SCADA systems, making it one of the most advanced HEPs in South Asia.
🌄 Surroundings & Accessibility
- Nearby Towns:
- Rampur Bushahr (12 km from Jhakri)
- Reckong Peo (capital of Kinnaur district) ~60 km away
- How to Reach:
- By Road: Accessible via NH-5, the road from Shimla to Kinnaur (approx. 180 km from Shimla)
- By Train: Closest major station is Shimla; from there, taxis or buses to Rampur or Jhakri
- By Air: Nearest airport is Shimla Jubbarhatti Airport (~200 km); better connected via Chandigarh
- Important Note:
Entry to the powerhouse is restricted for security reasons, but the barrage at Nathpa and the surrounding landscape are visible from the road and make for a striking photo stop.
🌿 Environmental & Social Aspects
- Sustainable Power Generation:
NJHEP offsets millions of tons of CO₂ annually and reduces reliance on fossil fuels in north India. - Ecological Challenges:
The project faced complexities due to the fragile terrain and seismic activity in Kinnaur—making its successful execution even more impressive. - Community Integration:
SJVN has undertaken extensive CSR initiatives in nearby villages—improving roads, schools, and health facilities.
🧭 Nearby Places of Interest
- Rampur Bushahr: A cultural hub with historical palaces and the famous Padam Palace
- Sarahan: Home to the Bhimakali Temple and breathtaking mountain views
- Chitkul & Sangla Valley: Scenic high-altitude villages not far upstream from the powerhouse
- Karcham Wangtoo Project: Another major HEP upstream worth including in your hydropower series
